{"id":422,"date":"2013-04-16T08:51:36","date_gmt":"2013-04-16T08:51:36","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/bastogne.tv\/index.php\/2013\/04\/16\/5kqudkcukdo\/"},"modified":"2021-03-13T17:02:53","modified_gmt":"2021-03-13T16:02:53","slug":"mauritius-la-recolte-de-la-canne-a-sucre","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/bastogne.tv\/index.php\/2013\/04\/16\/mauritius-la-recolte-de-la-canne-a-sucre\/","title":{"rendered":"MAURITIUS La r\u00e9colte de la Canne \u00e0 Sucre"},"content":{"rendered":"

Les multiples visages de la plante<\/p>\n

C’est dans la tige de la canne que le saccharose est stock\u00e9. Une tige de canne \u00e0 sucre renferme de 10 \u00e0 15 % de mati\u00e8res fibreuses, de 12 \u00e0 18 % de sucre, sous forme de saccharose et d’un petit peu de glucose. Un pied de canne donne jusqu’\u00e0 20 litres de jus, dont on extrait environ 2 kilos de sucre. Cette \u00ab plante-usine \u00bb se repique par bouturage. Il existe de multiples vari\u00e9t\u00e9s de cannes \u00e0 partir de deux grandes familles : les cannes nobles et les cannes sauvages. <\/p>\n

Les caract\u00e9ristiques de la plante<\/p>\n

Au moment de la coupe, la partie inf\u00e9rieure (pr\u00e8s du sol) de la tige contient plus de sucre que la partie sup\u00e9rieure. C’est pourquoi la canne doit \u00eatre coup\u00e9e au ras du sol pour ne pas perdre des bouts riches en sucre ; le sommet (bout blanc), qui ne contient que tr\u00e8s peu de sucre est \u00e9limin\u00e9 avec les feuilles.
\nSur la partie souterraine (rhizome) se trouvent des \u0153illetons qui vont germer et donner naissance \u00e0 de nouvelles tiges. Ainsi s’\u00e9tablit une nouvelle repousse… et recommence le cycle. On compte en g\u00e9n\u00e9ral sept repousses, selon les r\u00e9gions et les vari\u00e9t\u00e9s. <\/p>\n

Les cannes de graines pour l’am\u00e9lioration vari\u00e9tale<\/p>\n

Au d\u00e9part, la canne est unisexe jusqu’au moment o\u00f9 elle devient ou bien m\u00e2le, ou bien femelle. On organise le mariage des cannes afin d’obtenir des graines dans un seul but : am\u00e9liorer les vari\u00e9t\u00e9s. Le croisement se produit en \u00ab lanternes \u00bb, sortes de chambres nuptiales isolant les g\u00e9niteurs femelle et m\u00e2le, dans des serres sous des conditions contr\u00f4l\u00e9es de temp\u00e9rature et d’hygrom\u00e9trie. De la rencontre du pollen et de l’ovule naissent les nouvelles vari\u00e9t\u00e9s, en l’occurrence les nouveaux types de canne. Toutes les donn\u00e9es recueillies sont entr\u00e9es dans l’ordinateur o\u00f9 des programmes informatiques trient les bases de donn\u00e9es et assistent les g\u00e9n\u00e9ticiens dans leur choix des croisements.<\/p>\n

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Les multiples visages de la plante C’est dans la tige de la canne que le saccharose est stock\u00e9. Une tige de canne \u00e0 sucre renferme de 10 \u00e0 15 % de mati\u00e8res fibreuses, de 12 \u00e0 18 % de sucre, sous forme de saccharose et d’un petit peu de glucose. Un pied de canne donne […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":424,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"video","meta":{"pmpro_default_level":"","yasr_overall_rating":0,"yasr_post_is_review":"","yasr_auto_insert_disabled":"","yasr_review_type":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[1],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-422","post","type-post","status-publish","format-video","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-nos-reportages","post_format-post-format-video","pmpro-has-access"],"yoast_head":"\nMAURITIUS La r\u00e9colte de la Canne \u00e0 Sucre - Bastogne TV<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/bastogne.tv\/index.php\/2013\/04\/16\/mauritius-la-recolte-de-la-canne-a-sucre\/\" class=\"yoast-seo-meta-tag\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" class=\"yoast-seo-meta-tag\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" class=\"yoast-seo-meta-tag\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"MAURITIUS La r\u00e9colte de la Canne \u00e0 Sucre - Bastogne TV\" class=\"yoast-seo-meta-tag\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Les multiples visages de la plante C’est dans la tige de la canne que le saccharose est stock\u00e9. Une tige de canne \u00e0 sucre renferme de 10 \u00e0 15 % de mati\u00e8res fibreuses, de 12 \u00e0 18 % de sucre, sous forme de saccharose et d’un petit peu de glucose. 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